In the introduction video, I spoke about the World Value Survey map. Political scientists Ronald Inglehart and Christian Welzel have analyzed cultural values in national cultures over the world, and mapped the results on two axes: On the x-axis, you find survival versus self-expression values, and on the y-axis, you find traditional versus secular-rational values.
Traditional values emphasize the importance of religion, parent-children ties, deference to authority and traditional family structures, whereas secular-rational values have the opposite preferences.
Survival values place emphasis on economic and physical security, which often coincides with a low level of trust and tolerance, whereas cultures that score high on self-expression values tend to demand more participation in decision-making in economic and political life.
